Microscope description

Microscope description

Microscope

Microscope is a instrument used to see small objects.

¿Who invent the microscope?

Zacharias Janssen

¿When was the first microscope?

1590 in Middelburg, Holand

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Parts of microscope

Eyepiece Lens:  the lens at the top that you look through.  They are usually 10X or 15X power. 

Tube:  Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.

Arm:  Supports the tube and connects it to the base.

Base:  The bottom of the microscope, used for support.

Illuminator:  A steady light source (110 volts) used in place of a mirror.  If your microscope has a mirror, it is used to reflect light from an external light source up through the bottom of the stage.

Stage:  The flat platform where you place your slides.  Stage clips hold the slides in place.  If your microscope has a mechanical stage, you will be able to move the slide around by turning two knobs. 

Revolving Nosepiece or Turret:  This is the part that holds two or more objective lenses and can be rotated to easily change power.

Objective Lenses:  Usually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope.  They almost always consist of 4X, 10X, 40X and 100X powers.  When coupled with a 10X (most common) eyepiece lens, we get total magnifications of 40X (4X times 10X), 100X , 400X and 1000X.  To have good resolution at 1000X, you will need a relatively sophisticated microscope with an Abbe condenser.  The shortest lens is the lowest power, the longest one is the lens with the greatest power.  Lenses are color coded and if built to DIN standards are interchangeable between microscopes.  The high power objective lenses are retractable (i.e. 40XR). 

Rack Stop:  This is an adjustment that determines how close the objective lens can get to the slide.  It is set at the factory and keeps students from cranking the high power objective lens down into the slide and breaking things. 

Condenser Lens:  The purpose of the condenser lens is to focus the light onto the specimen.  Condenser lenses are most useful at the highest powers (400X and above).  Microscopes with in stage condenser lenses render a sharper image than those with no lens (at 400X).  If your microscope has a maximum power of 400X, you will get the maximum benefit by using a condenser lenses rated at 0.65 NA or greater.  0.65 NA condenser lenses may be mounted in the stage and work quite well.  A big advantage to a stage mounted lens is that there is one less focusing item to deal with.  If you go to 1000X then you should have a focusable condenser lens with an N.A. of 1.25 or greater.  Most 1000X microscopes use 1.25 Abbe condenser lens systems.  The Abbe condenser lens can be moved up and down.  It is set very close to the slide at 1000X and moved further away at the lower powers.  

Diaphragm or Iris:  Many microscopes have a rotating disk under the stage.  This diaphragm has different sized holes and is used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light that is projected upward into the slide. 

Types of Microscopes

·         Compound microscope: A compound microscope consisting of an objective and an eyepiece at opposite ends of an adjustable tube.

·         Light microscope

              Digital microscope: A digital microscope has a digital CCD camera attached to it and                         connected to a LCD or a computer monitor. 

·         Electron microscope:Electron microscope is a much more powerfull in comparison to commonly used light microscopes.

Stereo microscope: These microscopes magnify up to about maximum 100x.

Across2. I am a single cell. I am a source of food in the ocean. 7. I must enter other cells before I can become active. 8. A microscope's _______________ reflects light to illuminate the specimen. 9. A microscope's ocular lens is also called an ____________. 10. I am a type of microbe that makes bread moldy.

Down1. I can cause Strep Throat. 3. Some microscopes have more than one ____________ lens. 4. You can turn the ___________ knobs of a microscope to see an object more clearly. 5. I am a single cell, but I move and catch food. 6. Object being viewed through a microscope.

•  Games

• Videos of how to use microscope

• Bibliography

• ETC......

Links

·         http://www.livestream.com/undermicroscope

·         http://www.microbehunter.com/2010/01/19/different-types-of-microscopes/

·         http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jP9HtcAvGDk

·         http://www.udel.edu/biology/ketcham/microscope/scope.html

·         http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz297406220c618.html

·         http://www.quia.com/jg/509402.html